Link to purport by A C Bhaktivedanta Swami Srila Prabhupada

Transcript of Bhakti-Shastri class on this verse by Chaitanya Charan

Bg 8.2

adhiyajñaḥ kathaṁ ko ’tra
dehe ’smin madhusūdana
prayāṇa-kāle ca kathaṁ
jñeyo ’si niyatātmabhiḥ

Word for word: 

adhiyajñaḥ — the Lord of sacrifice; katham — how; kaḥ — who; atra — here; dehe — in the body; asmin — this;madhusūdana — O Madhusūdana; prayāṇa–kāle — at the time of death; ca — and; katham — how; jñeyaḥ asi — You can be known; niyata–ātmabhiḥ — by the self-controlled.

Translation: 

Who is the Lord of sacrifice, and how does He live in the body, O Madhusūdana? And how can those engaged in devotional service know You at the time of death?

 

adhiyajñaḥ kathaṁ ko ’tra, what is that adhiyajña, 

kathaṁ ko ’tra dehe ’smin madhusūdana, and how does he live in the body

so it is generally understood in Vedic culture that there is a Supreme Lord who stays inside the body so even Gopis in Gopi Gita says antaratma-drik that you are the inner seer antaratma that is in dwelling witness so he is asking similarly over here dehe ’smin madhusūdana, how does the absolute truth resides in the body?

And 

prayāṇa-kāle ca kathaṁ, so prayāṇa-kāle at the time of death 

jñeyo ’si niyatātmabhiḥ, how can one know the absolute truth at the time of death?

In BG 7.30 Sri Krishna has mentioned those people can remember Me even at the time of death, so Arjuna is asking this question how this will happen how people will remember you exactly at the time of death.

Whenever Arjuna ask some question to Krishna he will address Him by name which glorifies Him. So here he is using the word Madhusudana in previous verse he has used Purushotama. You are killer of demons so please kill the doubts of misconception and lack of understanding that is there in my heart.

End of transcription.